{"id":12224,"date":"2023-07-18T16:46:30","date_gmt":"2023-07-18T09:46:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/alatca.vn\/?p=12224"},"modified":"2023-07-18T16:46:30","modified_gmt":"2023-07-18T09:46:30","slug":"nuoc-gieng-khoan-nhiem-sat-tac-hai-va-cach-xu-ly-nuoc-nhiem-sat-tot-nhat-hien-nay","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/alatca.vn\/?p=12224","title":{"rendered":"N\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1ebfng khoan nhi\u1ec5m s\u1eaft? T\u00e1c h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc nhi\u1ec5m s\u1eaft t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nay."},"content":{"rendered":"

I.N\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1ebfng khoan nhi\u1ec5m s\u1eaft v\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1eaft trong n\u01b0\u1edbc sinh ho\u1ea1t<\/strong><\/h2>\n

N\u01b0\u1edbc\u00a0nhi\u1ec5m s\u1eaft l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kim lo\u1ea1i s\u1eaft trong n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1ebfng cao, v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c cho ph\u00e9p. C\u00e1c ion S\u1eaft h\u00f2a tan trong n\u01b0\u1edbc ( Fe2+, FeSO4, Fe(HCO3)2 khi\u1ebfn cho n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1ebfng khoan c\u00f3 m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng v\u00e0 m\u00f9i tanh kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu. Khi \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e2u ngo\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed c\u00e1c ion S\u1eaft h\u00f2a tan Fe2+ s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh ion S\u1eaft Fe3+ d\u1ea1ng keo, khi\u1ebfn n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ee5c v\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u00e0u n\u00e2u \u0111\u1ecf.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1eaft trong n\u01b0\u1edbc sinh ho\u1ea1t<\/strong><\/h3>\n
    \n
  • Theo QCVN 01-1:2018\/BYT, Quy chu\u1ea9n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc sinh ho\u1ea1t,\u00a0 H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1eaft t\u1ed1i \u0111a trong n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 0,5 mg\/L.<\/li>\n
  • Theo QCVN 6-1: 2010\/BYT, Quy chu\u1ea9n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0103n u\u1ed1ng, h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1eaft t\u1ed1i \u0111a trong n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0103n u\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 0,3 mg\/L.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Trong n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean lu\u00f4n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1eaft nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, nhi\u1ec1u hay \u00edt ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ed5 nh\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng v\u00f9ng mi\u1ec1n. \u1ede Vi\u1ec7t Nam, do \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00edn th\u1ed5 nh\u01b0\u1ee1ng h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m\u00a0\u1edf khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m s\u1eaft. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00ec s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ngu\u1ed3n\u00a0n\u01b0\u1edbc nhi\u1ec5m ph\u00e8n\u00a0s\u1eaft l\u00e2u d\u00e0i s\u1ebd \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe.<\/p>\n

    II.Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m s\u1eaft trong n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m<\/strong><\/h2>\n

    T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m s\u1eaft trong n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 do nhi\u1ec1u nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n

      \n
    • \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ea1ch n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m, n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i t\u1eeb c\u00e1c m\u1ecf trong qu\u00e1\u00a0tr\u00ecnh khai th\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n ng\u1ea5m v\u00e0o m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m, ch\u00fang theo m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m di chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c khi\u1ebfn n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m s\u1eaft.<\/li>\n
    • N\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i t\u1eeb r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i r\u1eafn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00f4n c\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang quy tr\u00ecnh, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m (trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 s\u1eaft) ng\u1ea5m v\u00e0o m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m trong l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n
    • Do \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00edn th\u1ed5 nh\u01b0\u1ee1ng, \u0111\u1ea5t \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn s\u1eaft, qu\u1eb7ng kim lo\u1ea1i. Khi n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u01b0a th\u1ea5p v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t s\u1ebd mang theo c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
      \n
      \"\"
      Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m s\u1eaft trong n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

       <\/p>\n

      III.H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft n\u01b0\u1edbc nhi\u1ec5m s\u1eaft<\/strong><\/h2>\n

      \u0110\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m s\u1eaft hay kh\u00f4ng, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c\u00a0 hi\u1ec7n d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng th\u00f4ng qua 3 c\u00e1ch sau:<\/p>\n